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In the present power situation, where frequent power interruptions and staggering has become a routine phenomenon, the Inverter has become indispensable. The Inverter is a fully automatic silent generator, which is connected with a battery, and comes into operation instantly in case of power failure, and returns to the off mode as soon as regular power supply is restored. It can feed the power to number of appliances like fans, tube lights, and computers, fax machines, breathing ventilators, etc.

The Inverter are available in different capacity like 250VA, 350VA, 500VA, 625VA, 1200VA etc. The capacity you select is governed by continuous running wattage of all appliances powered at the same time as well as the surge power required to start heavy load.

To determine the continuous running load that likely to be operated at one time, list all the items and add up their wattage. For instant, you want to run one 60 W tube light, one 60 W bulb, one 80 W fan & one mobile charger your total load will be 60+60+80+10 = 210 W. In this case, it is advisable to go for a 400 VA Inverter.

The battery is an integral part of the inverter. The performance of an inverter depends on the connected battery and vice -a- versa. The Inverter requires special inverter battery for best performance.

Normally, in case of a good quality Inverter the life span of the connected battery is about 24 months. Inferior quality Inverter shortens the battery life, resulting in very high recurring expenses.

It is of paramount importance that you select the right capacity battery for your Inverter to get optimum back up time. The back up time depends upon the capacity of the battery. The back up time of an Inverter for a particular load is also given by ;

Back up time = Battery AH X Battery Voltage X Constant factor / Loads in Watts

Where constant factor depend on Inverter efficiency. So for an Inverter of 500 W with 12 V, 150 AH battery, the back up time will be : 150 AH X 12V X 0.8 / 500 = 2.88 hrs

The charger is very vital part of an Inverter, which controls the battery life and power consumption of the Inverter.

A very high charging rate reduces battery life, where as, very slow charging process may not fully charge the battery, to meet the next demand when the mains fails again.

It is highly advisable to have dedicated charging transformer for your Inverter. The inferior quality charging system in an Inverter may shorten the battery life and this may lead to exorbitantly higher expenses.

The Inverter should have the protection against over load, short circuit, battery deep discharge/ overcharge etc. There should be an alarm system, for warning battery discharge level, so that load can be cut off after the alarm, to enhance the battery life.

The automatic overload reset system (AOR) should be an integral part of the Inverter. The system protects the Inverter against the overload and if excess load is switched off or if the load is brought within the rated capacity, the Inverter automatically switches on.

The automatic battery under and overcharge cut off, apart from preventing deep discharge and overcharge, increase battery life.

Load efficiency means the capacity of an Inverter, to function on rated load, without undue heating i.e. a 625 VA. Inverter should take a load of at least 625 VA. It is recommended that one should cross check whether the Inverter takes the load shown on the Inverter name plate. Sometimes, the inverter claimed to be a 625VA inverter, is available at far more cheaper price, but when put on the rated load, it is found that it does not give the rated load shown on the name plate. You should be careful about such type of malpractices from the inverter manufacturers

The Inverter efficiency is a measure of how small an amount of current, the Inverter uses to run its on circuit, indicating, how well the battery power is used. the Inverter efficiency should be more then 90%

A pure sine wave Inverter produces purer and cleaner (without harmonics) output, but it’s very much expensive

Pure sine wave Inverters are more suitable for delicate electronics items, like laser printer, digital clock, laptop computers etc. Most of the Inverter available for domestic/commercial use, generate square wave and are appropriate for lighting loads.

It is advisable using a small capacity pure sign wave Inverter for a specific need, alongwith a larger modifided sign wave Inverter to power the rest of your applications.

The transistor based technology is considered one of the oldest and proven technologies for Indian conditions. The repairing expenses and after sales service is very minimal. The spares for these types of Inverters are easily available even in rural area.

MOSFET based Inverters function well where current fluctuation are less. Stability problems can crop up in the areas with heavy current fluctuation. The manufacturers prefer mosfet based technology to reduce the production cost, but due to higher failure rate, resulting in higher reccurring and maintenance cost, the end user is the ultimate loser.

The losses and hence the efficiency of the inverter depends upon the quality of the main transformer. Normally, double wound main transformer, with good quality laminations and copper wire, with good workmanship, results in very low losses and in turn low heating.

A good quality inverter should function for at least 8-10 years. The cheaper, inferior quality inverters have the life span of just 2-3 years, and are more prone to frequent break downs.

Normally the inverters are designed and used for lighting loads. The use of the inverters is not preferable for appliances like refrigerators, motors, geysers etc., which require high starting current. The running of these appliances on inverter, will ultimately take tall toll of the batteries and will result in reccurring cost, in the form of battery replacement.